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Social exclusion of tribal agricultural labourers; the case of paniya tribe of wayanad
Paniya tribes of Wayanad are the most backward among the vulnerable groups of Kerala. Their economy is traditional in nature, depending mainly on land and forest. On accounting the land utilisation pattern of Wayanad district has drastically changed owing to massive in-migration of people from th...
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| Format: | Ph.D Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Vellayani
Department of Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture
2013
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| Summary: | Paniya tribes of Wayanad are the most backward among the vulnerable
groups of Kerala. Their economy is traditional in nature, depending mainly on
land and forest. On accounting the land utilisation pattern of Wayanad district has
drastically changed owing to massive in-migration of people from the plains to
these areas in search of land for cultivation and for starting plantations.
Inappropriate implementation of schemes and lack of adequate technological
support resulted in a drastic decline in the economy of the tribespeople resulting
in their exclusion and deprivation. This study entitled "Social Exclusion of tribal
agricultural labourers: A case of Paniya tribe of Wayanad" was an attempt to
analyse the Social exclusion and their deprivation.
The study was conducted in Wayanad district of Kerala. A sample of 90
tribespeople were selected randomly from three blocks of Wayanad district viz,
Panamaram. Noolpuzha and Kaniyambetta.
The study indicated that most of the tribespeople belonged to the middle
age group, 48 per cent of the tribespeople. Among the respondents 82 per cent
were illiterate and only 9% of the tribes had schooling. 89 per cent of the
tribespeople had high level of environmental orientation and 100 per cent of them
consume alcohol.
The study revealed that the Paniya tribespeople had landholdings only up
to 10 cents. 76% of the tribespeople had an area of 4-6 cents. It was identified
that 67 per cent of the tribes do not use the land on lease and 21 per cent of the
tribes had leased landholding of 3-4 cents. From the study it was found that 47
per cent of the tribes had an income ranging from Rs.3001-Rs.4000. The
indebtedness as indicated 50 per cent have a debt amount ranging Rs.1000-
Rs.2000.
From the result it was revealed that 84 per cent of the tribes live in brick
or laterite walled tile house. 65 per cent of the tribespeople live in a poor
conditioned home.
Classification of tribespeople based on social exclusion reveals that 54 per
cent of the tribespeople have felt social exclusion and 46 per cent of them is do
not feel they are socially excluded.
On classifying the tribespeople based on deprivation it was found that 100
per cent of the Paniya tribespeople felt that they were deprived of the social
functioning.
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| Physical Description: | 113p. |